Oil burner



Dec. 25, 1945 H, HAGER 2,391,567

OIL BURNER Filed Jul 20' 1944 VENTOR. [ZZZ/7262" 51 6r, Y i? PatentedDec. 25, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,391,567

011. BURNER Hilmer B. Hager, Chicago; Ill. Application July 20, 1944,Serial No. 545,775

Claims.- (01. 158-91) This invention has to do with oil burners of thetype in which a constriction in' the form of an inturned annular flangeor bafiie is employed between 9. lower fuel vaporizing chamber and anupper combustion chamber.

In burners of this type difficulty is frequently experienced inattempting to operate at a low range. A burner which is designed tooperate efficiently at a high range is likely when turned down to foulup with carbon as well as go out.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide, for use with aburner of the type described, a new and useful control device, in theform of, an insert at the location of the baffle. This improvement willcause the burner to operate efliciently at a low range as well as at ahigh range,

will prevent the formation of any appreciable amount of carbon at a lowrange, insures a thorough mixing of the fuel vapor and the air withinthe burner, prevents the burner from being affected by down drafts, andkeeps the burner from being extinguished as long as there is any flow offuel at all into the same.

While the foregoing statements are indicative in a general way of thenature of the invention, other more specific objects and advantages willbe apparent to'those skilled in the art upon a full understanding of theconstruction, arrangement and manner of operation of the improved burnercontrol device.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is presented herein by way ofexemplification, but it will of course be appreciated that the inventionis susceptible of incorporation in other structurally modified formscoming equally within the scope of the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a vertical diametric section through a burner of the typedescribed, equipped with a control device constructed in accordance withthe invention, with the control device shown in side elevation;

Fig. 2 is a vertical diametric section through the control device alone;and

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the control device.

The burner shown in the drawing is of a well known variety. It ischaracterizedby a lower fuel vaporizing chamber l0 and an uppercombustion chamber The oil used as the fuel enters the lower chamber l 0through a small pipe I2, flowing over the bottom l3 of that chamber and,in the normal operation of the burner, immediately vaporizing under theheat within-said chamber. The rate of flow of the oil is regulated by avalve (not shown) at some point in the pipe I2. The lower chamber I0 isprovided in its side walls with air inlets l4, and the upper'chamber II,which is ordinarily of greater depth and greater height, is similarlyprovided in its side walls with air inlets l5, the size, number andspacing of the inlets I 4 and I5 being such as to furnish sufficient airat the correct elevations for good combustion. An intumed annular flangeor bafile I6 is located between the chambers I 0 and II, and an inturnedannular flange I1 is located at the upper edge of the upper chamber Thedevice which forms the subject matter of this invention may beconstructed either as an original equipment part of the burner or as aseparate accessory for application to an already existing burner. In theillustrative disclosure it is shown as a separate accessory, in the formof a readily applicable insert. The new burner control device isconstructed as a hollow upwardly opening sheet metal member. It isadapted to be centered within the burner, at the location of the baflleIS. The device includes a perforated center portion I B of downwardlyconverging generally conical form';

' a perforated top portion 9 which extends outwardly from the upper edgeof the center portion l8 and terminates in an upturned rim 20; aperforated collar portion 2| which surrounds the center portion l8 andis suspended by lugs 22 from the underside of the top portion IS invertically spaced relation to the latter; and a plurality of verticallydisposed wing-like partitions 23 which extend outwardly in long gradualcurves from the collar portion 2| along the underside of the top portionl9.

The device is supported within theburner on the bafiie l6 by the loweredges of the partitions 23, which edges rest upon the baffle. The deviceis positioned with the collar portion 2| in spaced concentric relation24 in the baffle, with the upturned rim 20 in spaced concentric relationto the perforated side walls of the upper chamber H of the burner, andwith the apex of the conical center portion I8 spaced somewhat above thebottom |3 of the lower chamber Ill.

The oil entering the lower chamber 10 of the burner when the burner isfirst turned on may be ignited by dropping a lighted match into theupper end of a tube 25, which tube extends downwardly at an inclinationwithin the burner through apertures 26 in the center portion l8 andcollar portion 2| of the device. The lower discharge end of the tube islocated just above the to the center opening inlet, an upper chamberhaving a substantial distance bottom ii of the chamber II! at a pointadjacent the delivery end of the pipe l2.

In normal operation, the air required for combustion enters the lowerand upper chambers l and H through the inlets II and i5 and mixes withthe fuel vapor generated in the lower chamber l0, producing an annularflame within the burner about the rim 20. When the burner is beingoperated at a medium or high range the combustion will take place aboutand above the rim 20. when it is operating at a low range the combustionwill take place primarily within the lower chamber In, about theperforated center portion l6 and the perforated collar portion II, theheat to which such portions are subjected by the flame being conducteddownwardly and acting upon the entering fuel to quickly vaporize thesame. I

The unique construction and arrangement of the burner control device atthe location of the constructive baffle It prevents the formation of anyappreciable amount of carbon within the lower portion of the burner whenthe latter is operating at a low range and insures sufllcient preheatingof the vapor to prevent extinguishment of the flame. The tortuouspartitions 23 assist in effecting the desired pre-heating throughconduction of the necessary heat back into the portions of the deviceprojecting into the lower chamber l0, and also aid in bringing about a.thorough mixture of the fuel vapor with the air at medium and highranges. The combustion throughout all ranges takes place about thecontrol device, as distinguished from within the same, the perforationsin the various portions of the device serving primarily for the passageof air through the same.

I claim:

1. In an oil burner of the type characterized by. a lower chamber havingair inlets and a fuel air inlets, which upper chamber is arranged abovethe lower chamber in communication with the same, and a constriction inthe form of an inturned annular flange or battle between the chambers;the provision of a control device at the location of the baffle, saiddevice comprising a hollow upwardly opening perforated insert which iscentered within the burner in inwardly-spaced concentric relation to thebaffle to provide an annular passage therebetween and extends from apoint above the baiile to a point a substantial distance below the samein spaced relation to the sides of the burner, and said insertterminating downwardly in close proximity to the bottom of the lowerchamber.

2. In an oil burner of the type characterized by a lower chamber havingair inlets and a fuel inlet, an upper chamber having air inlets, whichupper chamber is arranged above the lower chamber in communication withthe same, and a constriction in the form of an inturned annular flangeor bailie between the chambers; the provision of a control device at thelocation of the baiile, said device comprising an insert which iscarried by the battle centrally of the latter and extends from a pointabove the baflle to a point below the same, said insert being a hollowupwardly opening sheet metal member having a perforated center portionof downwardly converging generally conical form, which center portionprojects downwardly from the baffle into the lower chamber in proximityto the bottom of the latter.

3. In an oil burner of the type characterized by a lower chamber havingair inlets and a fuel inlet, an upper chamber having air inlets, whichupper chamber is arranged above the lower chamber in communication withthe same, and a constriction in the form of an inturned annular flangeor baflie between the chambers;' the provision of a control device atthe location of the baflle, said partitions to the side walls perchamber, a

device comprising an insert which is carried by the bailie centrally ofthe latter and extends from baille to a point a substantial distancebelow the same, said insert being a hollow upwardly opening sheet metalmember having a perforated center portion of downwardly converginggenerally conical form, which center portion projects downwardly fromthe bailie into the lower chamber in proximity to the bottom of thelatter, a plurality of wing-like partitions which extend outwardly abovethe baiile within the upper chamber, and a perforated top portion abovethe partitions.

4. In an oil burner of the type characterized by a lower chamber havingair inlets and a fuel inlet, an upper chamber having air inlets, whichupper chamber is arranged above the lower chamber in communication withthe same, and a constriction in the form of an inturned annular flangeor baiile between the chambers; the provision'of a control device at thelocation of the baille, said device comprising an insert which iscarried by the bafile centrally of the latter and extends from a pointabove the baflle to a point a substantial distance below the same, saidinsert being a hollow upwardly opening sheet metal member having aperforated center portion of downwardly converging generally conicalform, which center portion projects downwardly from the baiile into thelower chamber in proximity to the bottom of the latter, a plurality ofwing-like which extend outwardly above the baffle within the upperchamber, and a perforated top portion above the partitions, which topportion is provided about its margin with an upturned annular rim inspaced concentric relation of the upper chamber.

5. In an oil burner of the type characterized by a lower chamber havingair inlets and a fuel inlet, an upper chamber having air inlets, whichupper chamber is arranged above the'lower chamber in communication withthe same, and a constriction in the form of an baille between thechambers; the provision of a control device at the'location of thebaffle, said device comprising an insert which is carried by the battlecentrally of the latter and extends from a point above the bailie to apoint a substantial distance below the same, said insert being a hollowupwardly opening sheet metal member having a perforated center portionof downwardly converging generally conical form, which center portionprojects downwardly from the baflle into the lower chamber in proximityto the bottom of the latter, a plurality of wing-like partitions whichextend outwardly above the baffle within the upperforated top portionabove the partitions, which top portion is provided about its marginwith an upturned annular rim in spaced concentric relation to the sidewalls of the upper chamber, and a perforated collar portion whichextends downwardly about the perforated center portion in spacedconcentric relation to the latter and in vertically spaced relation tothe perforated top portion.

HILMER B. HAGER.

inturned annular flange or

